Fluid dynamics, forces acting on fluid in motion, euler's equation of motion along the streamline assumptions, Equation of motion along the streamline assumptions, the conditions for which the Bernoulli's equation can't be applied.



Understanding What Fluid Dynamics is1.◆ Introduction*Fluid dynamics is a study of fluid motion with the forces causing flow. A force may cause of acceleration aur Deceleration depending on its nature.
* the Dynamics of fluid is governed by Newton's second law of motion I.e f =m.a
* the various forces acting on a fluid mass may be classified as;
  a) Body or Volume Forces: these forces are proportional to the volume of the body.
  Eg. ; Weight, centrifugal force, electromagnetic force, etc.
  b) Surface forces: these forces are proportional to the surface area.
  Eg.: pressure force, share or tangential force, force of compressibility, force due to turbulence etc.
  c) Linear forces: these forces are proportional to the length.
  Eg.: surface tension.
 2.◆ Forces acting on fluid in motion:
     Following forces act on the fluid during motion:
1. Gravity force
2. Pressure force
3. viscous force                                                                         
4. force due to compressibility
5. force due to turbulence
6. surface tension force

* when all the forces are taken into account then the equation of motion is called Newton's equation of motion.
 I.e            ma= f(g)+f(p)+f(v)+f(t)+f(c)+f(s)
                  m= mass of the fluid
                  a= acceleration of the fluid mass
* when forces due to compressibility and surface tension are neglected then the resultant equation of motion is called  Reynolds equation of motion.
                   Ma=f(g)+f(p)+f(v)+f(t)
* when compressibility, turbulence and surface tension forces are neglected and only Gravity pressure and viscous forces are taken into account then the equation of motion is called navier Stokes equation of motion.
I.e               ma=f(g)+f(p)+f(v)
* when only gravity and pressure forces are considered then the equation of motion is called euler`s equation of motion.
I.e .             ma=f(g)+f(p)





    https://youtu.be/afOQEZT4-B4


3.◆ Euler's equation of motion along the streamline :
 * following are the assumptions made in the derivation of equation of euler's equation of motion;
1. Flow is laminar
2. Flow is irrotational
3. Flow is inviscid
       Vdp/m+gdz+VdV = 0
The above equation is known as euler's      equation of motion for steady flow.

4.◆ Bernoulli's equation of motion along the streamline :
 *  integrating the Euler's equation.
              Vp/m+gz+V2/2 = constant
 * the above equation represent for incompressible flow.
* derive equation is known as Bernoulli's equation or energy equation for incompressible flow. The condition to be satisfied for the applicability of Bernoulli's equation are:
1. Flow is along a streamline
2. flow is steady
3. effect of friction is negligible I.e when fluid is ideal or viscosity has negligible effect.
* following are the conditions for which the Bernoulli's equation cannot be applied To,
1. Long narrow flow passage -- friction is significant
2. Wake region downstream of an object --losses in energy
3. Near solid boundary -- viscosity predominates
4. Diverging flow section -- chances of flow separation and wake formation
5. Flow section that involves fan turbine and any other machines list of such device disrupts the streamline and carries out energy interaction which fluid particles )(i.e.when work transfer occurs)
6. For Mach number >= to 0.3 -- because compressibility becomes predominant
7. Floor section that involves temperature changes, because temperature changes density (i.e.when there is heat transfer).



 Learn and Earn with Testbook. Get 10% discount on your first purchase! Use my referral link https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.testbook.tbapp&referrer=testbook_id%3DJANG14 OR code JANG14.
                         https://testbook.com/invite/JANG14

          https://youtu.be/afOQEZT4-B4
          https://youtu.be/ZIAbU6-2HyY                   
          https://youtu.be/afOQEZT4-B4
        

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

IES ENGINEERING (UPSC) SYLLABUS

Image
hello guys,  This is the post to by my analysis about the IES UPSC syllabus examination. You can download the full syllabus of upsc ies free. The next IES examination conducted in 2021 so do starting preparation with the according to syllabus. नमस्ते दोस्तो- यह पोस्ट मेरे द्वारा समझकर ies के पेपर के अनुसार पूरा syllabus तैयार किया गया हैं। आप लोग नीचे वाली लिंक pdf को फ्री में डाउनलोड कर सकते हैं। अगला ies upsc का पेपर 2021 में होगा । आप अभी से सिलेबस के अनुसार अपनी अपनी तैयारी सुरु कर सकते हैं।                                                        https://youtu.be/afOQEZT4-B4        https://drive.google.com/file/d/1cntNCU0V6_Zn9sqcUVb6zOFSevqEl9wO/view?usp=sharing        https://drive.google.com/file/d/1cntNCU0V6_Zn9sqcUVb6zOFSevqEl9wO/view?usp=sharing https://drive.google.com/file/d/1cntNCU0V6_Zn9sqcUVb6zOFSevqEl9wO/view?usp=sharing https://testbook.com/invite/JANG14                                     
Read more >>

Alternate fuels

Image
In this country, it is believed that crude oils and petroleum products will be come very scarce and costly. Day to day fuel economy of engines is getting improved and will continue to improve. However enormous increase in number of vehicles has started dictating the demand of fuels. Gasoline and diesel will become scarce and most costly in the new future. With increased used and the depletion of fossil fuels alternative fuels Technology will become more common in the coming decades.       All these years there have always been some IC engines fuelled with non gasoline or diesel oil fuels. However their numbers have been relatively very small. Because of the high cost of Petroleum products some developing countries are trying to use alternative fuels for their vehicles.      Another reason motivating the the development of alternative fuels for the IC engine is the concern over the imitation problems of gasoline and diesel engines. Combined with other polluting systems the large number
Read more >>

National Education Policy 2020

Image
Resource:- Ministry of Human Resource Development, Government of India. I ntroduction E ducation is fundamental for achieving full human potential, developing an equitable and just society, and promoting national development. Providing universal access to quality education is the key to India’s continued ascent, and leadership on the global stage in terms of economic growth, social justice and equality, scientific advancement, national integration, and cultural preservation. Universal high-quality education is the best way forward for developing and maximizing our country's rich talents and resources for the good of the individual, the society, the country, and the world. India will have the highest population of young people in the world over the next decade, and our ability to provide high-quality educational opportunities to them will determine the future of our country. The global education development agenda reflected in the Goal 4 (SDG4) of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Dev
Read more >>

ADVANCEMENT IN 3D PRINTING IN BIO MEDICAL FIELD

Image
  ABSTRACT  The field of medicine is one of the fields where we can apply 3D printing technology. Currently we can see that in the biomedical field the application of 3D printing technology is gradually increasing with the commercial use of biodegradable materials.  The reduction in time which is used for operations by providing information of post-surgical results or giving artificial bones and other organs, these are some of the current contributions of 3D printing technology to the biomedical field. In the field of dentistry, 3D printing technology can uplift the level of dental treatment by producing orthodontic models, inlay, bridge, and other surgical guides for implants and their surgery.  Also, there is an advancement in issues like printing materials, modelling, software technology related to CAD, bio-stability verification and incapability. Thus, we can say that the enhancement in these technologies will definitely help us to provide best solutions in dentistry. Keywords: 3D
Read more >>

Mauryan Art and Architecture

Image
Mauryan Art and Architecture With the advent of the Buddhism and Jainism, which were part of the Shramana tradition, the religious and social scenario of gangetic valley began To undergo change. As both the religions were opposed to the ‘varna’ and ‘jati’ system of Vedic age, they gained patronage of the kshatriya rulers Who had grown wary of brahmanical supremacy. As the Mauryas established Their power, a clear demarcation can be seen of architecture and sculpture Developed under State patronage and those that were developed by individual Initiative. Thus, Mauryan art can be classified as follows: Mauryan Art and Architecture With the advent of the Buddhism and Jainism, which were part of the shramana tradition, the religious and social scenario of gangetic valley began to undergo change. As both the religions were opposed to the ‘varna’ and ‘jati’ system of Vedic age, they gained patronage of the kshatriya rulers who had grown wary of brahmanical supremacy. As the Mauryas established
Read more >>

Buxwaha forest, a diamond mine

Image
  In Madhya Pradesh’s Buxwaha forest, a diamond mine could claim two lakh trees. The project is facing stiff resistance, including social media campaigns. A group of youth from Hamirpur, Uttar Pradesh, protested in the Buxwaha forest by tying threads to  trees. The proposed Bunder diamond block in the Chhatarpur district of Madhya Pradesh has  been in the news for the wrong reasons over the years. The diamond mine project, which  is now with Aditya Birla Group’s Essel Mining & Industries Limited, is once again  facing dark clouds due to protests over ecological concerns, as it could result in the  felling of over 2,00,000 trees. The proposed project will be spread across an area of 364 hectares in the Buxwaha  forests that is about 225 km northeast of Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh’s capital. The block is  estimated to have 34 million carats of rough diamonds. The National Mineral  Development Corporation’s existing diamond mine is about 175 kilometres from Bunder. According to the mining
Read more >>

KINETIC ENERGY CORRECTION FACTOR, MOMENTUM CORRECTION FECTOR

Image
1.KINETIC ENERGY CORRECTION FACTOR ● In Bernoulli's equation, the velocity head computed on the basis of the assumption that velocity is uniform over the entire cross section of the stream tube. But in the case of flow of real fluids, the velocity distribution across any cross sectional area of the flow passage is not uniform. ● So, the actual kinetic energy possessed by the fluid is different from that computed by using the mean velocity. ● To obtain actual kinetic energy, kinetic correction factor is multiplied to kinetic energy obtained through mean velocity. ● Consider fluid is flowing in a circular pipe of area A. Taken an elementary strip of area dA at which velocity of flow is 'v' at a cross section. ● For ideal flow profile , a=1.0 ● For turbulent flow in circular pipe a=1.03 to 1.06. ● For laminar flow in circular pipe a=2 and parallel plate a=1.543. ● Value of a for laminar flow is greater than for the turbulent flow because in laminar flow velocity gr
Read more >>

A Story of a Father and His Sweet Daughter// एक पिता और उसकी पुत्री की क...

Image
एक पिता और उसकी पुत्री की कहानी। ​एक परिवार में पति और पत्नी शहर में एक छोटी से मकान में अपना जीवनयापन कर रहे होते हैं। वो बहुत गरीब होते हैं लेकिन उनका गुजर बसर अच्छे से चलता रहता हैं। एक दिन उस दम्पति को एक नन्ही सी , प्यारी सी बच्ची का जन्म होता हैं। कुछ दिन बाद बच्ची की माँ की बीमारी के चलते मृत्यु हो जाती हैं। पिता परेशान हो जाता हैं कि अब बच्ची का पालन पोषण कैसे होगा। समय के साथ वह अपनी बच्ची का अच्छे से पालन पोषण करता हैं। पिता शहर में एक रईस परिवार का कार ड्राइवर होता हैं। एक दिन उसका सड़क दुर्घटना में चेहरा बिगड़ जाता हैं। फिर उसे उसके बिगड़े हुए चेहरे के कारण कोई काम नही देता हैं। अतः  अपनी बच्ची के भविष्य के लिए वह कोई भी हर तरह का काम करने लगता हैं। मकान का किराया न होने के कारण अब वे एक झोपड़ी में रहने लगते हैं। कभी कभी नालियां साफ करने पर कुछ रुपये मिल जाते हैं, तो कभी किसी के यहां गुलामी करने पर। वह पिता कभी कभी तो कूड़े के ढेर से कबाड़ का सामान बीनने तक का काम करता हैं। लेकिन जब भी वह अपनी बच्ची से पापा आ गए शब्द सुनता हैं, मानो पिता के सारे दुःख ख़त्म हो जाते हों, सारी थकान च
Read more >>